![]() ![]() Second-hand smoke, which is a combination of sidestream smoke and the mainstream smoke that is exhaled by the smoker, has been demonstrated by numerous scientific studies to cause disease. The burning of a tobacco cigarette creates multiple chemical compounds that are released through mainstream smoke, which is inhaled by the smoker, and through sidestream smoke, which is the smoke that is given off by the burning cigarette. The pleurae also create a division between major organs that prevents interference due to the movement of the organs, while preventing the spread of infection. ![]() This adhesive characteristic of the pleural fluid causes the lungs to enlarge when the thoracic wall expands during ventilation, allowing the lungs to fill with air. This lubrication reduces friction between the two layers to prevent trauma during breathing, and creates surface tension that helps maintain the position of the lungs against the thoracic wall. Pleural fluid is secreted by mesothelial cells from both pleural layers and acts to lubricate their surfaces. The pleurae perform two major functions: They produce pleural fluid and create cavities that separate the major organs. \): Parietal and Visceral Pleurae of the Lungs. ![]()
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